Insulin plant Costus pictus

Insulin Plant

ABSTRACT

The present study was carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of Costus pictus (C.pictus) D. Don, on alloxan induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of fresh leaf extract (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) for 60 days treatment resulted in significant decrease in blood glucose level and lipid profiles.  There were also significant changes observed in carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes and antioxidants. The nitrogenous wastes such as urea, uric acid and creatinine were also found decreased after the treatment. The study clearly shows that the effect of the drug (400 mg/kg body weight) was equally effective with the standard drug glibenclamide. To find out the biomarkers, pharmacognostic and phytochemical studies were carried out . The leaf of C. pictus is characterized by simple unicellular, pointed non-glandular trichomes, absence of palisade layer and hypodermal layers containing shattered crystals. Micromorphological characters of the leaf are also given.  The leaves are found to contain flavonoids such as kaempferol, 3’, 4’-di O-Me-quercetin and 4’-OMe-Kaempferol and  phenolic acids such as gentisic, 2, 5-dihydroxy benzoic acid, o-coumaric, melilotic, α-resorcyclic, 3,5-dihydroxy benzoic acid, p- hydroxy benzoic acid, cis and trans-p-coumaric acid.

INTRODUCTION

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder very well known and widespread all over the world. Different types of oral hypoglycemic agents such as insulin, suphonylurea etc. are used for the treatment of this disease, but they cause side effects on continued use. There is a growing interest in phytomedicine because of their effectiveness, fewer side effects and low costs. Many Indian medicinal plants are reported   to   be   useful   in   diabetes.   C.   pictus   D.Don. (Costaceae) an ornamental plant of Mexico, is one such plant newly introduced to India.  It is an erect herb growing up to 3 meters tall,  having stem horizontally striped at base; leaves narrowly lanceolate, dark green above, lighter green below; small leaves are present on the basal part; bracts green, with outer margin coloured maroon. Flowers yellow; lip with maroon striations, darker yellow stripe down the middle region; anther cream coloured. This plant is distributed along the coast from Mexico to Costa Rica and is locally known as cana agria or cana de jabali in Mexico. In Mexico, it is used to treat diseases of the kidney. It is reported to have effects on renal functions and its anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic  actions.  The  practitioners  in  Mexico used an infusion of this plant in the treatment of renal disorders; the plant also possesses diuretic activity. The plant was reported to contain flavonoids, saponins, reduced sugars and tannins.

The present study was undertaken to test the plant for its antidiabetic activities, toxicity of the extract on normal rats and the effect of the extract on the antioxidant enzymes, non- enzymatic  antioxidant,  carbohydrate metabolizing  enzymes and   lipid   profile.   Pharmacognostic   and   phytochemical analysis of the leaves were also conducted.

Insulin plant is a relatively new entrant to Kerala and India. Insulin plant has not got a Malayalam name yet, except the occasional use of insulin chedy or insulin chedi, where chedy means a plant. The catchphrase of this plant is ‘a leaf a day keeps diabetes away’.

The plant is characterized by large fleshy looking leaves. It grows very quickly. Propagation is by stem cutting. It grows in slightly shady areas.

Diabetes patients are advised to chew down a leaf in the morning and one in the evening for a month. Allopathic doctors too recommend it and it is found to be effective in bringing blood sugar levels under completely under control. There is also dried and ground powder of the leaves now available in the market.

* With FBS below 200, take ONE leaf daily before breakfast and drink a glass of water

* With FBS above 200, take TWO leaves in the morning and TWO at night on a daily basis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

 Preparation of aqueous extract

The leaves of C. pictus (Costaceae) were collected from Vadodara City, Gujarat. A Voucher specimen was deposited in the herbarium of the Botany department of M. S. University. For preparing the extract, 500 g of Fresh leaves were boiled in water for 30 min. The extract was then filtered and the process of boiling was repeated three times with the residue, each time collecting the extract. The collected extract was  pooled  and  passed  through  a  fine  muslin  cloth.  The filtrate upon evaporation at 40°C yielded 14.5% semi solid extract.

Lipids in the diabetic subjects is mainly due to an increase in the mobalization of free fatty acids from the peripheral fat deposit [34]. The hypolipidemic effect of C. pictus could be explained as a direct result of the reduction in blood glucose concentration.

CONCLUSION

The present findings suggest that the plant extract is non- toxic, since no marked changes were observed in the normal rats fed with the extract.  Thus, at normal therapeutic doses, the extract was considered to be safe for long-term treatment in diabetic condition. The leaf extract showed potent antidiabetic activity and the dose 400mg/kg body weight was more effective than 200 mg/kg body weight. 400 mg dose was all most equally effective with the standard drug glibenclamide.   Apart   from   this   the   plant   extract   also improved the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, thereby scavenging the free radical that initiates the lipid peroxidation. The decreased level of urea, uric acid and creatinine in the treated rats clearly shows that the plant extract, protects the diabetic rats from alloxan induced renal damage.  The  plant  extract  also  lowered  the  plasma  lipid levels,   the   antihyperlipidemic   effect   of   the   extract   in particular can be considered as a possible therapeutic value. The result observed in all these parameters were statistically significant (p<0.05). Thus all these activities exhibited by the extract can be attributed to the presence of the active constituent of the plant. Longer duration studies of C. pictus extract and its isolated compounds are necessary to develop a potent antidiabetic drug.

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Planting Material - Seeds [Herbs, Spices, Agroforestry] Supplier & Exporter

Plant Material

After doing lot of search we could manage to set a network of expert collectors of seeds and plants in every part of country.

List of best variety of material we managed is given with maturation period as well as most appropriate sowing time. Our aim is to provide best service and material.

(I) ORNAMENTAL & FORESTRY SEEDS (SHOBHADAR TATHA VANVRAKSH)
( II ) CONIFERS ( SHANKUDHARI )
( III ) BAMBOOS ( BAANS )
( IV ) FODDER CROP SEEDS ( PASHU CHAAREY KE BEEJ )
( V ) LAWN GRASS SEEDS ( LAWN GRASS KA BEEJ )
( VI ) PALMS ( TAAG VARG )
( VII ) FRUIT SEEDS ( FRUITS KE BEEJ )
( VIII ) HEDGE SEEDS ( JHADI LAGANE KE BEEJ )
( IX) FLOWERING SHURBS
( X ) MEDICINAL PLANTS SEEDS ( AUSHADHIYA PEDO KE BEEJ )
Botanical Name	Hindi Name	Maturation Period	Most Apporpiate Sowing Time
( I ) ORNAMENTAL & FORESTRY SEEDS (SHOBHADAR TATHA VANVRAKSH)
Acacia arabica (A. nilotica)	Babul , Kikar	Apr-May	Apr-May
Acacia auriculaeformis	Australian babul, Dal Mooth	May-Apr	May-Apr
Acacia catechu	Khair, Katha	Jan-Feb	Mar-Apr
Acacia dealbata	Silwan Vatal, Pahadi Babul	Dec-Jan	Mar-Apr
Acacia decurrens	Green Vatal , Hara Babul	Dec-Jan	Mar-Apr
Acacia leucocephala	White, Kikar	May-June	May-June
Acicia lenticularis (A.ferruginea)	Kangar, Khair	Apr-May	Apr-May
Acacia Mangium	Australian Teek	Apr-May	Apr-May
Acacia Melanoxylon	Australian Kali Lakdi	Mar-Apr	Mar-Apr
Acacia Mollissima (A.mearnsi)	Kala Watan	Dec-Jan	Mar-Apr
Acacia Planifrons	Udai	Apr-May	Apr-May
Acacia Senegal	Kumtha	June-July	June-July
Acacia Suma(A.compylacantha)	shaami
Acacia tortillis(A.raddiana)	Ichraili	May-June	May-June
Acer Oblongum	Putli	Aug-Sep	Aug-Sep
Acrocarpus Fraxinifolius	Mundaani	Apr-May	Apr-May
Adenanthera Pavonina	Ranjana
Adina Cordifolia	Haldu
Aegle Marmelos	Bel	Apr-May	Apr-May
AlnusNepalensis	Aelnas
Ailanthus Excelsa	Maharukh	Apr-May	Apr-May
Alstonci Scholaris	Dabiltree	May-Junev	Jun-Oct
Albizia Lebbeck	Kala Siras	Nov-Dec	Mar-Apr
Albizia Lucida	Videshi Siras
Albizia Moluccana (A. facataria)	Keral Siras
Albizia Odoratissima		Apr-May	Apr-May
Albizia Procera	Safed Siras	Mar-Apr	Mar-Apr
Albizia Richardiana	Madhgasar siras	Feb-Mar	Mar-Apr
Albizia Stipulata (A.chinensis)	Chini siras	Dec-Jan	Mar-Apr
Artobotris Odorarissimus (Kanthali Champa)
Aesculces Indica		Sep-Nov	Nov-Feb
Alibiza Amara
Anacardium Occidentale Cashew nut	Kaju	Ape-May
Anogeissus Latifolia	Waakli	May-June	May-July
Anogeissus Pendula	Karghai	May-June	May-July
Anthocephalus Indieus (A.cadamba)	Kadamb	Dec-Jan
Azadirachta Indica (SL)	Neem	Apr-June	May-June
Barringtonia Acutangula (SL)	Samudrafal	July-Aug	July-Aug
Bassia Latifolia (Madhucaindica)(SL)	Mahua	May-June
Bauhinia Malabarica
Bauhinia Purpurea	Kaniyar, Lal kachnaar	May-Apr	Mar-Apr
Bauhinia Racemosa	Guriyaal, jhinjhora	Oct-Nov	Mar-Apr
Bauhinia Retusa	Kandla, Kural semla	Feb-Mar	Mar-Apr
Bauhinia Vahili (Creeper)	Maaljhan	Mar-Apr	Mar-Apr
Bauhinia Variegata	Kachnar	Apr-May	Apr-May
Bischofia Javanica (fruit)	Jhilar bilar fal	Apr-May	Apr-May
Broussonetia Papyrifera	Paper Malwari	Apr-May	Apr-May
Butea Frondosa (B.monosperma)	Dhaak ,Palash
Callistemoni Lanceolatus-Bottle Brush	Lal bottle, Brush	Apr-May	Apr-May
Cassia Alata	sanayein
Cassia Fistula	Amaltas	Apr-May	Apr-May
Cassia Glavca	Peela Pushpadar	May-Junev	Jun-Oct
Cassia Grandis	Kesiya grandis	Nov-Dec	Mar-Apr
Cassia Javanica	Java Amaltas
Cassia Marginata	Gulabi Amaltas
Cassia Multijuga	Multijuga Amaltas	Apr-May	Apr-May
Cassia Nodosa	Gulabi Amaltas	Mar-Apr	Mar-Apr
Cassia Renigera	Bhrahmij Amaltas	Feb-Mar	Mar-Apr
Cassia Siamea (C.florida)	Kasod, Chukdi	Dec-Jan	Mar-Apr
Cassia Spectabilis-Golder Wounder	Sunhera Amaltas
Castanea Sativa (C.vulgaris)(SL)	Chasnut	Sep-Oct	Sep-Oct
Casuarina Equisetofolia	Chok , Jhau	Aug-Sep	Aug-Sep
Cedrela Toona (toona ciliate)	Tunn	May-June	May-July
Chickrassia Tabularis	Chikrasiya	Dec-Jan	Mar-Apr
Ceiba Pentandra	Safed saymal	Apr-May	Apr-May
Celtis Australis	Khadik	Nov-Dec	Mar-Apr
Chorsia Speciosa	Mexican Rui	Jan-Feb	Mar-Apr
Cinnamomum Camphora (SL)	Kapur	July-Aug
Calespermia Pulchurima	Lal Gulmohar	Jan-Mar	Mar-Apr
Cardia Dichotama (C.myxa)	Chota Lasoda	May-July	May-June
Cardia Wallichii (C.obliqva)	Bada Lasoda	May-July	May-July
Delbergia Assamica	Asami Sheesham	Dec-Feb	Mar-Apr
Delbergia Latifolia	Kala Sheesham	Dec-Feb	Mar-Apr
Delbergia Sissoo	Sheesham	Dec-Jan	Mar-Apr
Delonix Regia	Gulmohar	Jan-Feb	Mar-Apr
Dillenia Indica	Chilta	Apr-May	Apr-May
Diospyros Melanoxylon	Tendu	Apr-May	Apr-May
Elaeocarpus Ganitrus	Rudraksh	June-July	Junr-July
Erythrina Indica Coral Tree	Pangara	May-June	May-June
Erythrina Suberosa Dadap	Dhoal Dhak
Eucalyptus Red Gum	Daldal Safeda	May-Aug	Sep-Oct
Citriodora Lemon Scented Gum	Sugandhit Safeda	May-Sep
"Globulus-Blue Gum	Pahadi Eyucalyptus	May-Aug	Sep-Oct
"Grandis	Grandis Safeda	May-Aug	Sep-Oct
"Hybrid	Sankar Eyucalyptus, Safeda
"Robusta-Iron Bark	Badi Chal Eyucalyptus	May-Aug	Sep-Oct
"tereticornis-Grey Gum	Mysore Safeda	May-sep	Sep-Oct
Ficus Benjamina-Java Willow	Jawa Badh	May-July	May-July
Ficus Bengalensis	Bargadh	Apr-June	Apr-June
Ficus Elastica	Rubber Deshi	May-July	May-July
Ficus Infectoria (F. lacer)	Pilkhan	Mar-Apr	Mar-May
Ficus Recemosa	Gular	May-Apr	Mar-Apr
Ficus Religiosa	Peepal	Mar-Apr	Mar-Apr
Ficus Krishnae	Krinadon
Ficus Retusa
Gliricidia Maculata (G.sepium)	gliricidia maculata	Apr-June
Gmelina Arborea (treated)	Gambhari	Apr-May	Apr-May
Grevillea Robusta	Silver Oak	May-June	Sep-Oct
Grewia Oppositifolia	Bhimal	Oct-Nov	Apr-May
Hardwickia Pinnata		July-Aug	July-Aug
Holoptelia Integrifolia	Chilvil, chillar	May-July	May-July
Jacaranda Minosaefolia	Jacaranda	Nov-Feb	Mar-Sep
Jatropha Curcus	Jatropha
Kigelia Pennata	Balam Khira	Nov-Dec	Mar-Apr
Kpelreuteria Apiculata	Gulabi Tunn	Jan-Feb	Mar-Apr
Lagerstroemia Flos-reginae	Jarul	Oct-Dec	Mar-Apr
Lagerstroemia Indica	Sawni	Sep-Oct	Mar-Apr
Lagerstroemia Thorelli	Thorelli	Nov-Dec	Mar-Apr
Leucaena Leucoeephala Native Variety	Subabul deshi	June-Aug	June-Aug
Leucaena Hawaiin K-8	Subabul L-8 Hawai	June-Aug	June-Aug
Melia Azadarch	Bacane	Dec-Jan	Mar-Apr
Melia Compostia (M.dubai)	Badi Bacane	Dec-Jan	Mar-Apr
Mesua Ferrea	Nag Kesar	Dec-Jan	Mar-Apr
Michelia Champaca	Swarn Champa	Aug-Sep	Aug-Sep
Milletia Ovalifolia	Taug Ka Jaav	July-Sep	July-Sep
Mimusops Elengi (SL)	Maulshree	Apr-May	Apr-May
Mimusops Hexandra	Khirni	June-July	June-July
Moringa Pterygosperma (PKI)	Sahajan	May-June	May-July
Morus alba-White mulbery	Shahtut Safeda	Apr-May	Apr-May
Morus Indica	Deshi Shahtut	Apr-May	Apr-May
Nyctanthes Arboristris	Har Singar
Ougenia Dallbergioides	Saandan	June-July	June-July
Morus alba-ptefgosperma	Sahjan	May-June	May-June
Parkia Roxburghii (P. javanica)	Silheet	Apr-May	Apr-May
Parkia biglandulosa	Parkia Biglandulosa	Apr- May	Apr- May
Peltophorum ferrugineum	Gulmohar Pilay Phool	Dec- Jan	Mar- Apr
Phyllanthus emblica	Amala	Jan- Feb	Mar- Apr
Pithecolobium Retgia (Delonix regia)	Gulmohar, Krishna Chuda
Polylthea longifolia (SL)	Ashok	July- Aug	July- Aug
"Longifolia var pendula (SL)	Pendula Ashok	July- Aug	July- Aug
Pongamia pinnata (P.glabra)	Karanj, Sukh - Chain	Jan- Feb	Mar- Apr
Prosopis juliflora (P.chinensis)	Shami, Kabuli Kikar	Apr- June
Prosopis cineraria (P.speigera)	Chonkar, jaad	Apr- June	Apr- June
Prunus puddum	Won Cherry	Apr- June	Apr- June
Pterocarpus marsupium	Bija Sal	June- July	June- July
Pterospermum accerifolium	Kanak Champa	Jan - Feb	Mar- Apr
Putranjiva roxburghii-Child Life tree	Putra Jiva (Jiya - Puta)	Jan- Feb	Mar- Apr
Pithecolobivm Saman (Rain tree)		June - July	Apr - July
Rerminalia myriocarpa	Terminalia Myriocarpa
Thespesia nerifolia	Pila Kaner
Quercus incana (SL)	Baj	Oct - Nov	Nov - Dec
Quercus Serrata (SL)	Baj	Oct - Nov	Nov - Dec
Ravenala madagascariensis	Madgasar palm, Yatri palm
Robinia Pseudoacacia-Locust tree	Rubinia	Oct - Nov	Mar- Apr
Salmalia malabarica	Semal Lal	Apr - May	Apr - May
Santalum album	Safed Chandan	May - June	June - July
Santalum Saritalinus	Lal Chandan
Sesbsnia grandiflora	August, wasna	June - Aug	June - Aug
Sapindus mukorossii	Reetha	Oct - Nov	Mar- Apr
Saplum sebiferum	Taar Charbi	Sept - Oct	Mar- Apr
Saraca Indica (S.osaca)(SL)	Sita- Ashok	June - Aug	June - Aug
Schleichere trijuga (S.deosa)	Kusum / Kamni	Aug - Sept	Aug - Sept
Shorearobusta (SL)	Saal
Spathodea campanlata	Tulip	Apr - May	Apr - May
Sterculia alata	Streculia Ala	Feb - Mar	Mar- Apr
Streculia Urens
Streculia Fioetida
Strychnos nux-vamica	Kuchla	Apr - June	Apr - June
Sweitenia mycophylla	Sweitenia mycophylla	Mar - Apr	Mar- Apr
Sweitenia mahagony	Mahagony	Mar - Apr	Mar- Apr
Tabebuia avellahedae
Tabebuia baccata	Thuner
Tecoma argentea (SL)	Tecoma Argentea	Dec- Jan	Mar- Apr
Tecoma stans	Tecoma Stans	Dec- Jan	Mar- Apr
Recoma Undulata	Tecoma Undulata	Mar - Apr	Mar- Apr
Tectona grandis	Sagoon Sangwan	Dec- Jan	Apr - May
Tectona grandis (pre-heated)		Dec- Jan	Mar- Apr
Tamindus Indica	Imli	June - July	June - July
Terminalia arjuna	Arjun	Jan - Feb	Mar- Apr
Terminalia belerica	Baheda	Jan - Feb	Mar- Apr
Terminalia catappa	Jungli Badam	Aug - Oct	Aug - Sept
Terminalia chebula	Haradh	Feb - Mar	Mar- Apr
Terminalia tomentosa	Sain	Feb - Mar	Mar- Apr
Tabebuia Rosea
Terminalia Myriocarpa	Terminalia Myriocarpa
Trewia nudiflora	Gamhar	Sep - Oct	Mar - Apr
Wrightia tinctoria	Doodhi	Sep - Oct	Mar - Apr
( II ) CONIFERS ( SHANKUDHARI )
Araucaria cookii	Christmas Tree	July - Sep	July - Sep
Araucaria badwallia	Araucaria badwallia	June - July	July - Aug
Araucaria cunninghamii	Araucaria cunninghamii	June - July	July - Aug
Araucaria excelsa		May - June	May - June
Agathis robesta	Agathis	July	July
Cedrus deodara	Deodara	Sep - Oct	Nov - Feb
Crytomeria japonica	Japani Sidaar	Sep - Nov	Sep - Nov
Cupressus arizonica	Saru	May - June	May - June
Cupressus cashmeriana	Cashmer Saru	Sep - Nov	Sep - Nov
Cupressus funebris	Vipran Saru	Sep - Nov	Sep - Oct
Cupressus macrocarpa	Pahadi Saru	Sep - Oct	Sep - Oct
Cupressus sempervirens	Tajmahal Saru	Sep - Nov	Sep - Oct
Cupressus torulosa	Surai	Sep - Nov	Sep - Oct
Pinus excelsa	Kail	Sep - Oct	Nov - Feb
Pinnus geratdiana	Cheelgoja	Sep - Nov	Mar - Apr
Pinus Khasia	Khasi Chid	Apr - May	Apr - May
Pinus petula	Ushandesh Chid	Apr - May	Apr - May
Pinus roxburghii	Samanya Chid	Apr - May	Sep - Oct
Podocarpus gracilior	Podocarpus	Aug - Sep	Aug - Sep
Picea smithiana (Spruce)	Spruce	Nov - Dec	Jan - Feb
Taxodium mucronatum	Daldali Saru	July - Sep	July - Sep
Thuja campacta	Morpankhi Gol	Aug - Sep	Sep - Oct
Thuja oncehtalis	Morpankhi Lambi	Aug - Sep	Sep - Oct
( III ) BAMBOOS ( BAANS )
Bambusa Nutans
Bambusa Vaugris only cutting & Plants	Peela Bass	( Each )
Bambusa Ventriosa (Lota bamboo)	Lota Bass	( Each )
Bambusa Bambos (B.arundinacea)	Katela Bass	May - June	May - June
Dendrocalamus calostachyus	Mota Bass	May - June	Mar - June
Dendrocalamus gigenteus	Khokala Bass	May - June	Mar - June
Dendrocalamus strictus	Chadi Bass	May - June	Mar - June
Dendrocalamus Hamilbonni
( IV ) FODDER CROP SEEDS ( PASHU CHAAREY KE BEEJ )
Cenchrus ciliaris	Tanjana Ghaas	June - July	Mar - Sep
Cenchrus setigerus	Ghaman Ghaas	June - July	Mar - Sep
Cynodon dactylon	Doob Ghaas	Apr - May	June - July
Dinanath	Dinanath		Mar - Sep
Medicago saliva	Vilayati Ghaas, Lusaran	June - July	Mar - Sep
Melilotus parviflora (M.indica)	Nimethi	June - July	Mar - Sep
Red clover	Lal Clover	June - July	June - July
Stylosanthus humata	Humata	June - July	Mar - Sep
Stulosanthus scabra	Scabra	June - July	Mar - Sep
Trigolium Alexaindrlum(Clover)	Barsin	June - July	Mar - Sep
( V ) LAWN GRASS SEEDS ( LAWN GRASS KA BEEJ )
Cynodondactylon	Doob Ghaas	Apr-May	June-July
( VI ) PALMS ( TAAG VARG )
Areca Catechu	Areca Nutpalm	Feb - Mar	Feb -Mar
Caryoto urens	Machli Palm	May - July	May - June
Cycus Revolata (Seed)
(Blub Small Big Bulbs available)
Livistona chinensis (L-mauritiana)	Cheeni Palm	Feb - Mar	July - Sep
Livistona jenkinsiana	Asami Palm	July - Sep	July - Sep
Oreodoza regia	Bottle Palm	May - Aug	May - July
Phoneix acullis	Khajur Palm	Apr - May	May - June
Phoneix dactylifera	KhajurÂ	May - June	May - June
Phoneix rupicola	Khajur Palm	July - Aug	July - Aug
Phoneix sylvstris	Khajur	May - June	May - June
Pitchardia grandis (Lucoia grandis)	Pitchardia PalmÂ	Oct - Nov	Nov - Dec
( VII ) FRUIT SEEDS ( FRUITS KE BEEJ )
Achras sapota	Chikoo
Aegle marmelos	Bel	Apr - May	Apr - May
Anacardium-occidontale	Kaju	Aug - Sep	Sep - Oct
Anona squamosa	Sharifa	May - June	Apr - June
Artocarpus integrifolia	Kathal	May - June	Apr - June
Artocarpus Lakooch	Lakooch	May - June	Apr - June
Carica (popaya) coorg Honeydew	Papita Honeydew	Apr - June
Carica (popaya) Ranchi	Ranchi Bona Papita	Apr - June	Apr - May
Carica (Popaya) Mammothlarge	Deshi Bada	Apr - June	Apr - May
Jiglans Regia (Akrot)		Sep - Oct	Oct - Mar
Carica (Popaya )Washington	Washington	Apr - June	Apr - May
Calsanea Sativa (Chasnut)		Sep - Oct	OctÂ
Citrus aurantifolia	Kagaji Nimboo	July - Nov	May - Apr
Citrus maxima	Chakotara	Nov - Jan	Mar - Apr
Engenia jambolana	Jamun
Grewia asiatica	Faalsa	Apr - June	Apr - June
Maushmee	Maushmee	Jan - Feb	Jan - Feb
Prisium (Gauava) Allahabadi	Amrud Allahabadi	June - Sep	July - Aug
Prisium (Gauava) Red Fleshed	Amrud Lal	June - Sep	July - Aug
Psidium Gauaval L-49	Amrud lucknow L- 49	Aug - Sep	Oct - Nov
Punica granatum	Anar
Phyllanthus Emblica	Amala	Jan - Feb	Mar - Apr
Zizyphus Jujuba	Ber
Zizyphus mauritana	Ber Gola	May - June	May - June
( VIII ) HEDGE SEEDS ( JHADI LAGANE KE BEEJ )
Acacia farnesiana	Jhadi Babool	Apr - June	Apr - May
Dadonea visoca	SannataÂ	June - July	Mar - July
Duranta Piumieri	Chureta	Sep - Oct	Mar - Apr
Lowsonia alba	Mehndi	June - July	Mar - July
Murraya Exotica	Kamini	Dec - Jan	Dec - Jan
Murraya Konghii	Kaddi Patta	June - July	June - July
Parkinsonia aculeatap	Rakinsonia aculeata	May - June	Apr - June
Pithecolobium duice	Jungle Jalebi	June - July	Apr - June
Sesbania aegyptica	Jayanti	May - June	Mar - June
( IX) FLOWERING SHURBS
Caesalpinia pulcherima	Radha Chura , Chota Gulmohar
Cassia alata	Daad Madran
Cassia glauca	Peeli Jhadi
Cassia auriculata	Takhar
Cassia laevigata	Kesiya Laevigata
Indigofera tinctoria	Neel
( X ) MEDICINAL PLANTS SEEDS ( AUSHADHIYA PEDO KE BEEJ )
Azadirachta indica	Neem
Ablemos Chub Moschotus	Lata Kasturi/ Mushakdana
Adrus precataris	Gunja , Ratti
Acacia concina	Shikakai
Antignonalba (Creeper)
Acorus Calamus (Rhiazone)	Vach
Aloe Barbadensis	Dhrit Kumari
Anacyclus Pyrethrum	Akarkara
Andographis Paniculata	Kalmedh
Arferia Speciosa	Vidara
Asparagus Racemosus	Shataavar
Abroma Augesta	Ulat Kambal
Bakuchi
Barberis Aristata	Daru Haldi
Bixa Orellena	Annando , Sindoori
Caesalpinia Bonducela	Katarkanj
Callicarpa Macrophylla	Priyangu
Calastrus Paniculata	Malkangani
Centela Asiatica	Brahmibooti
Chlorophythum Borivlianum	Safed Musli
Citrullus Coloynthus	Indrayan
Citrullus Ternata	Aprajita
Croton Tiglium	Jamal Ghota
Coffee Arabica	Coffee
Cassia angustifolia	Sanaye
Datura Fastuosa	Dhatura
Desmodium Gangticum	Saalpanri
Eclipta Alba	Bhingra
Gloriosa Superba	Kalihaari
Gymnema Sylvestre	Gudmaar
Helecter Isora	Marodhfali
Holarrhena antidy-sentrica	Indrajoo
Ipomea Biloba	Kala Dana
Lapidiuim Stivum	Chandrasur
Mallotus Phillipinesis	Kapila
Mimosa Pudica	Lajwanti
Mucuna Pruriens	Safed Konch
Mucuna Pruiens	Kali Konch
Myrica Esculanta	Kefal
Myristica Fragrans	Jaifal
Nelumbium speciosm	Lotus
Ocimum Sanctum	Shyama Tulsi
Oroxylum indicum	Sonpada, Totiya
Pedelium Murex	Bada Gokharu
Piper Longum (Plant Available)	Pipali
Piper Cubeba	Sheetal Cheeni
Plantago Ovata	Isabgol
Rawwalfia Serpentina	Spragandha
Ricinus communis	Arandi
Sidea Cordifolia	Kharanti
Solanam Indicum	Katoli
Solanum xanthocarpum	Katela
Solanum Khassianum	Badi Kateli
Strychnos nux-vomica	Kuchala
Vitex Nigundo	Samalu
Vernonia antheliniunatica
Vinca rosea	Sadabahar
Wrightia tinctoria	Meetha Indra ji
Withania Somimifera	Ashwagandha
Elettaria Cardamum	Badi Ilaichi
Cynammonum Zeylancium	Tej Pata
Commsiphoia Myrrha	Kali Mirchi